Indian Constitution Articles:

  1. 13(2): “The State shall not make any law which takes away Fundamental Rights and any law made in contravention of this clause shall, to the extent of the contravention, be void”; ["use by the courts for judicial review"]
  2. 14: Right to Equality  
  3. 15(3): Indian Constitution, the state is permitted to make special provisions for women and children  
  4. 19: Right to Freedom
  5. 21: Roote of judicial activism; Right to Life & Personal Liberty  ( Right to education, Right to privacy, right to shelter, right to pollution free environment, etc. all were declared FR under article 21)
  6. 22: A necessary evil; Protection against arrest and preventive detention in certain cases Called ‘the necessary evil’
  7. 25: Right to Freedom of Religion
  8. 31 B: Protect laws in 9th schedule from Judicial Review
  9. 31(c): inserted by 25th Amendments-1971- this gave primacy to DPSP over FR 
  10. 32: heart and soul of the constitution; writ petition in SC against violation of FR
  11. 41: Right to work
  12. 43: Living wages for workers
  13. 43 A: Participate of workers in management of industries
  14. 44: Uniform civil code
  15. 50: Separation of Judiciary from Executive
  16. 60: Oath of the President of India, Preserve, protect and defend the constitution
  17. 61: Impeachment of President
  18. 67: No Impeachment required for removal of Vice President, a resolution of Rajya Sabha, accepted by Lok Sabha is required
  19. 69: Oath of the President of India
  20. 72: President has the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence (Commes under judicial review)
  21. 74: PM and Cabinet; President to act in accordance with of advice Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head.
  22. 75: The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister
  23. 75 (3): collective responsibility to Parliament  
  24. 76: AG
  25. 78: PM: role, function, duties  
  26. 79: Parliament of India
  27. 85(2): president situational discretion to dissolve the Lok Sabha
  28. 86: Right of President to address and send messages to both houses of Parliament
  29. 87: President addresses the joint session of Parliament. First day session of new General Election and First day session every year. no one Preside over it
  30. 99: Oath or affirmation by members Every member of either House of Parliament 
  31. 102 (1): Speaker has no power to disqualify legislatures for office of profit and other reasons mentions 102(1)
  32. 102 (2): Speaker has power to disqualify legislatures for anti-defection
  33. 103: President is the final authority to decide on this matter 102
  34. 105: Parliamentary Privileges 
  35. 108: Parliamentary Joint Sitting
  36. 109 and 110: Money Bill
  37. 109: Special procedure in respect of Money Bills
  38. 110: defined Money Bill and speaker power to determine the bill as money bill
  39. 112: Budget which is a statement of estimated receipts and expenditure (general discussion, Vote on Grants, appropriation bill, Finance bill)
  40. 119: Indian Constitution states that Parliament may regulate by law the procedure of, and the conduct of business in, each House of Parliament in relation to any financial matter or to any Bill for the appropriation of moneys out of the consolidated Fund of India
  41. 121: prohibits parliamentary debate on the conduct of any Supreme Court or High Court Judge in the course of his duties
  42. 122: Bar the courts to inquire into proceedings of Parliament
  43. 123: Presidential ordinance, 6 months and 6 weeks.
  44. 124: deals with the Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court 
  45. 131: SC Original Jurisdiction
  46. 132: appellate jurisdiction
  47. 141: Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts.
  48. 142: gives exclusive power to the Supreme court to issue order as is necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it; provides discretionary power to the Supreme Court as it states that the Supreme Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction may pass such decree or make such order as is necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it. Recently, the SCI used this power to release A G Perarivalan, who had served over 30 years of life term in the Rajiv Gandhi killing case.
  49. 143: SC advisory jurisdiction. Giving advices to the President on substantial question of Law 
  50. 144: Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Court
  51. 148: CAG
  52. 153: Governor in each state
  53. 156: Terms of Governor (Pleasure of President)
  54. 159: Oaths of Governor 
  55. 161: The advice of the State Cabinet is binding on the Governor in matters relating to pardoning power and governor  can't pardon in death sentence cases (Commes under judicial review) 
  56. 165: Advocate-General for the State. 
  57. 201: Reservation bill by Governor for President assertion (no constitutional amendment needed)
  58. 214 - 232: High Court 
  59. 226: High Court has the power to issue or accept Writ for denial of any type of rights - include legal rights, constitutional rights and FR.
  60. 227:  Power of HC to superintendent (administrative and judicial matters) over all of the courts and tribunals within their jurisdiction and territory
  61. 231: Common high court for two or more states; Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States
  62. 233: Appointment of district judges
  63. 239 - 242: Union territories
  64. 239: Administration of Union territories
  65. 239 A: Puducherry Legislative Assembly 
  66. 239 AA: Delhi Legislative Assembly
  67. 243 A - 243 O: Panchayati Raj 
  68. 243 K: Elections to the Panchayats
  69. 243 P - 243 ZG: Municipality
  70. 243 ZH - 243 ZT: Co-Operative Societies
  71. 243 A: Gram Sabha under Panchayati Raj System
  72. 244: Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas
  73. 245 to 263: Relations between Union and State 
  74. 246: division of power between the Union and the States
  75. 249: Rajya Sabha can make Act from state list in the "national interests" by passing a resolution
  76. 250: Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation
  77. 253: Legislation for giving effect to international agreement
  78. 257: Union may give directions to a State 
  79. 262: Parliament can make acts for river disputes  
  80. 263: Inter-state council
  81. 280: Finance Commission
  82. 292 - 293: Borrowing power of the center and state is controlled
  83. 300A: "Right to Property", Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law.
  84. 308-323: Services Under the Union and the States
  85. 312: All India Services; Rajya Sabha can pass resolutions for creation of new all India public service common to both the Union and the States, and enables Parliament to create such a service by law
  86. 315 - 323: Public service commission
  87. 315: Public Service Commission (UPSC)
  88. 316: Tenure of members of public service commission
  89. 317: Removal of members of public service commission
  90. 323A: Administrative tribunals.
  91. 324: Election Commission (all the elections expect of Local government and speaker of Lok Sabha conduct by election commission)
  92. 324(5): Removal of CEC and EC's
  93. 329: Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters; Judiciary is barred from interference in the election process
  94. 330: Reservation for SC and ST in the House of People
  95. 331: Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People. Now repealed by 104th amendment
  96. 332: deals with the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in the Legislative Assemblies of the States. 
  97. 338: National Commission for Scheduled Castes
  98. 338A: National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
  99. 338B: National Commission for Backward Classes
  100. 340: deals with appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes
  101. 343: Official language of the Union.
  102. 341: President power to declare a caste/tribe as Scheduled Caste
  103. 352: National Emergency. 6 months at a time, unlimited (a 'safety valve' and a 'dead letter' by B.R. Ambedkar)
  104. 356: State Emergency. 6 months at a time and 3 years
  105. 359: Suspension of FR during emergency
  106. 360:  Financial emergency  
  107. 365: State emergency if state refuses following direction of the union; failure to comply with the direction mean constitutional breakdown
  108. 368:Constitutional Amendments 
  109. 370, 371, 371 (A-J): Special provisions for many states
  110. 370: J&K ; now repealed

Article 371

Article State
371 Maharashtra and Gujarat
371 A Nagaland
371 B  Assam
371 C Manipur
371D & E  Andhra Pradesh
371 F Sikkim
371G  Mizoram
371H  Arunachal Pradesh
371 I  Goa
371J districts of Hyderabad-Karnataka region

Fundamental Rights available to both citizens and foreigners

Right to equality before law (14), right to life (20, 21), right to freedom of religion (25,26,27,28)


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